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This text transcribes, translates, and fully illustrates with photographs the inscription (more than 155 lines, in its damaged state) that carries the regulations drawn up over nearly two centuries for the customs dues of the rich province of Asia (western Turkey).

Customs administration --- Tariff --- Tariff (Roman law) --- Roman law --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Finance, Public --- Law and legislation --- History --- History.

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This paper outlines reforms that have been achieved in the modernization of the customs administrations of francophone sub-Saharan (African) countries since the mid-1990s. It also highlights the remaining issues in this process. Progress has been made in the automation of operations and procedures, with constant and significant efforts to strengthen revenue collection and improve trade facilitation in a number of countries. However, the pace and scope of modernization remains insufficient, particularly in developing customs control and enforcement capacities, and enhancing operational resources and management. The findings suggest that the authorities’ strong commitment to reform, organizational and management changes, adequate technical assistance and project management, and effective implementation of modern customs standards, are critical to accelerate the modernization of customs in francophone sub-Saharan Africa.  .

Political Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Public Finance --- Customs administration --- Tariff --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Finance, Public --- Evaluation --- E-books --- Exports and Imports --- Taxation --- Taxation and Subsidies: Other --- Comparative Studies of Countries --- Trade Policy --- International Trade Organizations --- Trade: General --- Sales tax, tariffs & customs duties --- International economics --- Public finance & taxation --- Customs administration core functions --- Imports --- Exports --- Tariffs --- Customs procedures --- Revenue administration --- International trade --- Taxes --- Burkina Faso

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The Dispute Settlement Reports of the World Trade Organization (WTO) include Panel and Appellate Body reports, as well as arbitration awards, in disputes concerning the rights and obligations of WTO members under the provisions of the Marrakesh Agreement. These are the WTO authorized and paginated reports in English. An essential addition to the library of all practising and academic trade lawyers, and needed by students worldwide taking courses in international economic or trade law. DSR 1998: VI contains two cases. Firstly, there is the Report of the Panel concerning Indonesian measures affecting the automobile industry. Secondly, this volume contains the Panel report on patent protection for pharmaceutical and agricultural chemical products in response to the European Communities' complaint against India. The form of citation for this volume recommended by the WTO is DSR 1998: VI.

Ecosystem management. --- Biotic communities --- Ecosystems management --- Applied ecology --- Environmental management --- Nature conservation --- Biodiversity conservation --- Management --- Foreign trade regulation --- Tariff --- Competition, Unfair --- Dispute resolution (Law) --- Law and legislation --- Competition --- Competition law --- Fair trade --- Unfair competition --- Unfair trade practices --- Commercial crimes --- Commercial law --- Industrial property --- Torts --- Advertising laws --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- ADR (Dispute resolution) --- Alternative dispute resolution --- Appropriate dispute resolution --- Collaborative law --- Conflict resolution --- Dispute processing --- Dispute settlement --- Justice, Administration of --- Mediation --- Neighborhood justice centers --- Third parties (Law)

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The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) talks attempt to link together at least nine countries in three continents to create a 'high-quality, twenty-first century agreement'. Such an agreement is intended to open markets to competition between the partners more than ever before in sectors ranging from goods and services to investment, and includes rigorous rules in the fields of intellectual property, labour protection and environmental conservation. The TPP also aims to improve regulatory coherence, enhance production supply chains and help boost small and medium-sized enterprises. It could transform relations with regions such as Latin America, paving the way to an eventual Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific, or see innovations translated into the global trade regulatory system operating under the WTO. However, given the tensions between strategic and economic concerns, the final deal could still collapse into something closer to a standard, 'twentieth-century' trade agreement.

Foreign trade regulation --- Tariff --- Free trade --- Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Export and import controls --- Foreign trade control --- Import and export controls --- International trade --- International trade control --- International trade regulation --- Prohibited exports and imports --- Trade regulation --- Law and legislation --- Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement --- TPP --- Trans-Pacific Partnership --- Trans-Pacific Partnership Trade Agreement --- Pacific Area --- Asia-Pacific Region --- Asian-Pacific Region --- Asian and Pacific Council countries --- Pacific Ocean Region --- Pacific Region --- Pacific Rim --- Commercial treaties. --- E-books --- Law --- General and Others

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This controversial analysis of economic nationalism will interest economists and those concerned with nationalism and the competitive position of Canadian manufacturing.

Tariff --- Science and state --- Nationalism --- -Science and state --- -Tariff --- -Ad valorem tariff --- Border taxes --- Customs (Tariff) --- Customs duties --- Duties --- Fees, Import --- Import controls --- Import fees --- Tariff on raw materials --- Commercial policy --- Indirect taxation --- Revenue --- Customs administration --- Favored nation clause --- Non-tariff trade barriers --- Reciprocity (Commerce) --- Science --- Science policy --- State and science --- State, The --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Internationalism --- Political messianism --- Government policy --- -Nationalism --- E-books --- Tariff - Canada --- Science and state - Canada --- Nationalism - Canada --- Canada. --- Canada (Province) --- Canadae --- Ceanada --- Chanada --- Chanadey --- Dominio del Canadá --- Dominion of Canada --- Jianada --- Kʻaenada --- Kaineḍā --- Kanada --- Ḳanadah --- Kanadaja --- Kanadas --- Ḳanade --- Kanado --- Kanakā --- Province of Canada --- Republica de Canadá --- Yn Chanadey